 The city of Anadyr, the centre of Chukotsky autonomous okrug, is situated on the coast of the Anadyr gulf of Bering See (port), in the permafrost zone. The population is more than 14 thousand. Almost 40 % of the population is the youth.
The severe maritime climate. Average temperature of January is 20 degrees centigrade below zero, of July - 9-10 degrees. Precipitations are of 500 mm a year. There is sea communication with Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Vladivostok, Magadan and other cities and the airport here.
The word "Anadyr" frequently occurs (in various lexical variations) in the yellowed historical annals: we read either "Onandyr" - the Chukot river, or "Anadyrsk" - a burg of Semen Dezhnev and Kurbat Ivanov's period (mid XVII century). 112 years ago, carrying out the Decree of Russia tsarist government on foundation of Anadyrsky okrug in extreme northeast, L.F.Grinevetsky founded (in August, 1889) a station called Novo-Mariysk in the mouth of the river Kazachka. Since then the city of Anadyr originates.
Nowydays it is a large administrative and cultural centre of one of the most unique in any respect and one of the richest from the point of view of natural resources regions of the Russian Federation.
The local Chukchi population calls the city as Viyen that means "opening, entrance" or Kagyrlyn "entrance, mouth", that reminds of its location at the narrow mouth of the top part of Anadyr estuary.
Economics:
Fish factory.
In vicinities: extraction of gold and coal. Reindeer breeding, fishery.
Culture, science, education
Frozen earth laboratory of Northeast complex scientific and research institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
The museum of local lore.
Streets are built up with two- and four-storeyed brick and wooden houses.
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