 Petrozavodsk is a capital of the Republic of Karelia and a port on shore of the Lake Onega. It is terraced in the form of the amphitheater and spread along the coast of the Petrozavodsk gulf for 25 km. The climate is transitive from maritime to continental. Average temperatures of January -10, in July +15 degrees centigrade. Precipitations are 600 mm per year. It is the railway unit (Saint Petersburg, Murmansk, Sortavalu, Kostomuksha); there is an airport here. The population is 279, 5 thousand (1992). Distance to Moscow - 925 km. Petrozavodsk was founded in 1703 under Peter's I decree who used to visit this place.
Modern Petrozavodsk is the financial and business centre. Enterprises and firms of the city provide 40 percents of revenues of the republican budget. The basic industries, that developed simultaneously with Petrozavodsk, are the electric power industry, machine-building and metal- working, wood-working, food, light and polygraphic, building materials industries, transport, communication, construction, trade, public catering, service.
The greatest proportion in the general quantum of output belongs to the electric power industry (49,9 %), machine-building and metal-working - 26,1 %, the food-processing industry - 15,3 %, the wood-working industry - 5,6 %, the industry of building materials - 0,9 %, polygraphic - 0,5 %, light - 0,4 %.
Petrozavodsk by all means may be considered to be the educational centre of Karelia and the whole Northwest region. In Petrozavodsk there are the State University, the State Pedagogical University, Institute of International Law and Economics named after A.S.Griboyedov, the Petrozavodsk Conservatory, branches of the Academy of Civil Service, the Humanitarian Institute, and also the Karelian Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; children's educational institutions; colleges and technical schools; educational centres.
Petrozavodsk cultural life: the Association of young artists, libraries (the National Library of the Republic of Karelia, the Republican Children's Library, the Youth Library), exhibitions and galleries (the Cultural Centre of Museum Agency, the Municipal Exhibition Hall of the Department of culture; the Art Gallery "Doll's House" after Tatyana Kalinina), museums (the Karelian State Museum of Local Lore, the Fine Arts Mu seum, the Museum - Reserve "Kizhi", the Museum Agency), theatres (the State Musical Theatre, the State National Theatre of Karelia, the State Russian Drama Theatre, the Creative Workshop, the Puppet Theatre), the Philharmonic society.
In vicinities of Petrozavodsk there are a lot of sights. For example, the reserve "Kivach" with the well-known flat waterfall (its height is about 11m); the first Russian mud-bath resort "Martsialnye waters". Next to the source stand 2 pavilions (1833 and 1858) and Peter's I bust. Petropavlovskaya church (1721). In Petrozavodsk you can find the tourist camp 'Lososinka" and the tourist complex "Karelia". The international "Onega regatta" is taken here each year.
Petrozavodsk is the twin city for those of Germany, USA, Finland, France, Sweden and Norway. Business relations with these countries strengthen each year.
Petrozavodsk develops relations with cities of Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, Surgut, the cities of Northwest of Russia and some others.
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