Cherkessk is situated in the Caucasus on the right bank of the river Kuban. It is a railway station and an initial point of the Military-Sukhumi road (which was under construction in 1828-78). The city was founded in 1804 as a Russian fortification at the Kuban boundary line where in 1790 the Russian army commanded by the general I.I.German defeated a Turkish army of 40 thousands under command of Batal-pasha. In honour of this victory there was laid a village Batalpashinskaya.Since 1880 this village became an administrative centre of a district in Kubanskaya oblast. In 1922 it became the centre of Karachaevo-Cherkessian autonomous okrug. Since 1931 it was called Batalpashinsk. In 1934 it was renamed as Sulimov, then Ezhovo-Cherkessk. Later only the second part of the name was preserved. Since 1991 is has become the capital of the Republic of Karachaevo-Cherkessia. Economy. Enterprises of the chemical and machine-building industries are developed here. The largest Cherkessk enterprises are the plants of refrigerating mechanical engineering, general mechanical rubber goods, low-voltage equipment and cement. Culture, science, education. There are the Scientific and Research Institutes of economy, history, language and literature; the Polytechnic Institute. Here you can find the Drama Theatre, the Karachaevo-Cherkessian Historical, Cultural and Nature Museum (founded in 1918). Architecture, sights. At the distance of 18 km from Cherkessk there are the Batalpashinskiye lakes (the so-called Cherkessian sea). It is a rest place for citizens. Near the settlement Krasnogorsky the ruins of Russian fortifications of the Caucasian War period (1832) are situated. |